Ear mites are a common and highly contagious parasite in cats, especially kittens and outdoor pets. This article covers how cats get ear mites, the telltale signs of an infestation, safe treatment options, and practical prevention tips. Early veterinary care is essential to avoid complications like infections or hearing loss.
What Are Ear Mites?
Ear mites, or Otodectes cynotis, are tiny, spider-like parasites that live in the ear canal and feed on ear wax and skin oils. Although nearly invisible to the naked eye, they cause significant irritation and discomfort. Mites are especially common in kittens, shelter cats, and pets that go outdoors.
According to Cornell University, ear mites are one of the most common causes of feline ear disease, and they’re highly contagious among cats (Cornell Feline Health Center).
How Do Cats Get Ear Mites?
Ear mites spread easily through close contact with infected animals. Cats can contract mites from:
- Mother cats during nursing
- Other household pets (especially cats, ferrets, and dogs)
- Outdoor environments or shared bedding
Because they’re highly contagious, it’s common for all pets in a household to be treated if one is diagnosed.
Common Symptoms of Ear Mites in Cats
Watch for these signs of ear mites:
- Frequent scratching of the ears or head
- Head shaking or tilting
- Red, inflamed ear canals
- Dark, crumbly ear discharge (resembles coffee grounds)
- Irritability or sensitivity around the ears
- Scabs or hair loss near the ears from scratching
If left untreated, ear mites can lead to secondary infections, hearing damage, and ongoing discomfort.
Diagnosing Ear Mites
At Bright Vet, we diagnose ear mites using:
- Physical examination with an otoscope
- Microscopic analysis of debris to confirm the presence of mites
- Skin or ear swabs to rule out yeast or bacterial infections
DIY diagnosis can be unreliable—many other conditions mimic mite symptoms, so a professional evaluation is the safest route.
Treatment Options
Veterinary Treatment
Veterinary treatment is fast, effective, and safe. At Bright Vet, we may recommend:
- Prescription topical medications (e.g., selamectin, moxidectin)
- Single-dose ear mite treatments (e.g., Revolution Plus)
- Ear cleaning to remove debris and inflammation
- Treatment of all pets in the home, even if they appear unaffected
The Merck Veterinary Manual emphasizes that treating all in-contact pets is critical to prevent reinfestation (Merck Vet Manual).
Home Remedies (Use With Caution)
While some online sources suggest natural oils (like mineral oil), these methods may be ineffective or unsafe if used incorrectly. Never use cotton swabs deep in the ear canal. Always consult your veterinarian before trying home treatments.
Preventing Ear Mites
To protect your cat:
- Use monthly parasite preventatives recommended by your vet
- Keep indoor cats from interacting with unknown animals
- Clean bedding and shared pet spaces regularly
- Schedule routine ear checks, especially after adopting a new cat or kitten
Frequently Asked Questions
Can ear mites affect humans?
Rarely, but it's possible. Humans are not a natural host, but mild skin irritation can occur. Prompt treatment of your cat reduces the risk.
Will my cat’s ear mites go away on their own?
No. Without treatment, mites can multiply rapidly and lead to painful infections or hearing loss.
How long does treatment take?
Many prescription treatments begin working within 24 hours, though a full course may last 2–3 weeks for complete resolution.